More than half of U.S. transgender youth aged 13-17 live in a state with at least one law restricting their rights, according to a new study from the Williams Institute, a research organization at the University of California, Los Angeles, School of Law. The study, titled The Impact of 2025 Anti-Transgender Legislation on Youth, looks at laws enacted in 2025 and previously.
An estimated 724,000 Americans in this age group identify as transgender, the institute notes. Of these, 382,800, 53 percent, live in one of the 29 states, most of them Republican, that has enacted one or more laws banning access to gender-affirming care, participation in sports, use of bathrooms and other sex-separated facilities, or gender affirmation through pronoun use.
But nearly 40 percent, or 285,300 teens, live in jurisdictions that have “shield laws” that protect access to gender-affirming care. 17 states and Washington, D.C., most of them Democrat, have these laws, which protect care providers and families from actions originating in states where this care has been restricted and, in some cases, from intrusion by the federal government.
The study also notes Donald Trump’s many anti-trans executive orders, such as those denying the existence of trans, nonbinary, and intersex people; using various means to further restrict young people’s access to gender-affirming care; and threatening states and schools that allow trans student athletes to participate in sports under their gender identity.
Download the full the study here.
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